Vitamin D and primary dysmenorrhea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.3.2023.50-56Keywords:
adolescents, primary dysmenorrhea, vitamin D, VAS, RCTsAbstract
Relevance: We have analyzed many scientific publications on vitamin D deficiency. Although the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the health of children and adolescents has been studied for a long time, information about the role of vitamin D in the formation of menstrual function in puberty girls is scarce and ambiguous. Turkish, Iranian, and Indian authors note a significant negative correlation between vitamin D levels and pain intensity assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) (r = -0.61) and pain duration (r = -0.43). This indicates a possible role of vitamin D deficiency in primary dysmenorrhea.
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the intensity and duration of pain in primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 96 adolescent girls aged 13 to 16 randomly assigned to 2 groups: a vitamin D group and a placebo group. The primary outcome of this study was the severity of lower abdominal pain, which was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Patients noted the intensity of pain on the VAS before the start of treatment and then after 2 and 3 months later. The secondary outcome was the duration of pain by day.
Results: A decrease in vitamin D levels is observed in adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea. In the “vitamin D” group, after the study, a statistically significant increase in vitamin D levels was revealed (p<0.001), a decrease in pain intensity according to VAS after two months (p = 0.029) and after three months (p = 0.003), as well as a decrease in pain duration after two months (p = 0.041) and after three months (p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Correction of Vitamin B levels in adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea decreases pain intensity on VAS and reduces the duration of pain in days.
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