Somatic diseases of the mother and preterm birth
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.4.2023.31-36Keywords:
Preterm birth, premature babies, correlation, risk factorsAbstract
Relevance: Every year, around 15 million (more than one in 10) babies are born prematurely worldwide, and about 12 million (81.1%) of these preterm babies are born in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Studies by foreign scientists show that preterm birth is a serious public health problem. Risk factors associated with preterm birth are maternal age, number of pregnancies, number of births, and vulvar varicosities.
The study aimed to explore accompanying illnesses in women with preterm birth and to identify a positive correlation between variables.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prenatal records of 102 women aged 20 to 46 years who received prenatal care at the City Polyclinic No. 32 in Almaty and gave preterm birth from January to August 2022. Pearson’s correlation and two-sided value (p-value) with a 95% probability were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The analysis revealed that the number of preterm births was more common in expectant mothers aged 20 to 29. As a result of our study, preterm birth is common in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia, chronic pyelonephritis, obesity, vulvar varicosities, and preeclampsia. Correlations were found between age and number of pregnancies (p = 0.001), age and number of births (p = 0.018), and age and vulvar varicosities (p = 0.041). Vulvar varicosities also depended on the number of pregnancies (p = 0.031) and the number of births (p = 0.019).
Conclusion: Risk factors associated with preterm birth are maternal age, number of pregnancies, and number of births. In our study, we detected a total of 19 comorbidities in 102 expectant mothers.
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