Analysis of the premature birth causes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.1.2024.34-43Keywords:
premature birth, gestational arterial hypertension, placenta previa, prenatal rupture of amniotic fluid, premature rupture of amniotic fluid, induction of labor, genitourinary tract infectionsAbstract
Relevance: Premature birth is one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine and is defined as a multifactorial syndrome with many causes and main factors, including complications from the mother or fetus, requiring medical intervention to terminate pregnancy. It is estimated that 11% of all live births in the world are premature, whereas, in women with placenta previa or low-lying placenta, this risk is reported to increase 2-4 times.
The study aimed to assess the role and importance of gynecological diseases to determine the causes and their impact on the risk of premature birth.
Materials and Methods: We examined 66 women of reproductive age. This comparative, prospective study was based on the city polyclinic No. 36 in Almaty and was conducted from January to November 2023. The women included in the study were identified by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes and entered into the Damumed electronic medical documentation system.
Results: The article presents the results of a prospective study of childbirth in pregnant women whose labor was complicated by premature and prenatal outpouring of amniotic fluid. As a result of the analysis of obstetric anamnesis in pregnant women, it was revealed that 20 women (30.3%) were pregnant, and high parity was detected in 18 (27.27%) women. When studying the anamnesis of women with PR in the study, it was found that during previous pregnancies, episodes of bacterial vaginosis were observed in 9 (13.64%) women. During this pregnancy, asymptomatic bacteriuria was diagnosed in 21 (31.82%) cases.
Conclusion: The analysis results revealed A very high correlation between genitourinary tract infections and the risk of premature birth. Both women with placenta previa and those with low-lying placenta have an increased risk of premature birth. This increased risk is the same for all degrees of severity of premature birth. Concomitant risk factors for premature birth were the advanced age of the mother, secondhand smoke, hypertension, a history of abortions, and premature rupture of the membranes.
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