Assessment impact of vitamin D on premenstrual syndrome in adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.1.2024.88-95Keywords:
adolescents, primary dysmenorrhea, vitamin D, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), randomized controlled trial (RCT)Abstract
Relevance: The reviewed publications on the problem of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in adolescent girls and young women indicate the use of various dietary supplements before menstruation to relieve PMS. However, in parallel with studies that reflect the positive effects of vitamin D, some studies do not confirm such relationships. More research is needed to detail and confirm the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of vitamin D supplementation, the possible dosage requirements of vitamin D supplementation, and the long-term efficacy of vitamin D supplementation.
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the nature of PMS in adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea (PD).
Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the Regional Perinatal Center in Aktobe, Kazakhstan. The study included 191 adolescent girls with PD. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: a study group of 96 adolescent girls who received vitamin D, and a control group of 95 adolescent girls who received a placebo. At the beginning and after three months of examination, all teenage girls were surveyed to identify signs of PMS, and the level of 25(OH) vitamin D in the blood serum was determined.
Results: Among the examined teenage girls with PD and PMS, more than 70% are characterized by a deficiency in the level of vitamin D in the body. In the main group after the study, a statistically significant increase in vitamin D levels was revealed (p<0.001). At the beginning, the prevalence of PMS among adolescent girls with PD in the study group was 51.7%; after vitamin D supplementation, this value decreased to 23% (p<0.001). In the control group, cases of PMS in the sequence before and after taking placebo increased from 35% to 42.5%.
Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation for three months significantly improves the studied signs of PMS among adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea, in addition, it significantly improves the course of the menstrual cycle, in particular, by normalizing the duration of menstruation in days and the abundance of discharge.
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