Pulmonary complications in a child born to a mother with a coronavirus infection: A clinical case
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.2.2024.108-118Keywords:
newborn, lung abscess, destructive pneumonia, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 against N- and S-protein IgGAbstract
Relevance: Destructive pneumonia in children is a serious complication of rare pneumonia. Destructive pneumonia with lung abscess in the newborn is a casuistic disease.
The study aimed to consider a case of pulmonary complications in a child born to a mother with a coronavirus infection and develop an algorithm for diagnosing complicated pneumonia in children born to mothers with a coronavirus infection.
Materials and Methods: This article reviews a clinical case of destructive pneumonia complicated by a lung abscess in a child effectively treated at the City Maternity Hospital No. 1 of Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Results: We examined a case of pulmonary complications in a child born to a mother with a coronavirus infection. Features of maternal anamnesis: nicotine dependence, the presence of acute infections during pregnancy, acute childbirth due to premature detachment of a normally located placenta, clinical and laboratory manifestations of infection in the form of fever during childbirth, and increased C-reactive protein levels. The peculiarities of the disease in a child were the predominance of general symptoms over local ones, mild intoxication syndrome, and independent healing of a lung abscess. Laboratory data show that a high level of infection markers persists despite the use of combined broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy. X-ray examinations conducted in dynamics from the moment of birth of the child and the period of deterioration of his condition did not allow for diagnosing pulmonary complications. Only ultrasound examination of the lungs in combination with computed tomography that a lung abscess, which resolved on its own without surgical intervention. As for the etiology of destructive pneumonia, we assume it was caused by the coronavirus infection combined with a bacterial infectious agent of uncertain etiology.
Conclusion: This is confirmed by testing SARS-CoV-2 RNA in maternal PCR and high titers of IgG antibodies to N- and S-proteins SARS-COV-2 in mother and child. Among the known methods of diagnosing complicated pneumonia, we consider ultrasound of the lungs and determining class G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 N+S+ antigens in a pair of “mother and child” as the most effective. The algorithm for diagnosing congenital pneumonia of newborns born to mothers with positive SARS-CoV-2 is an observation system aimed at timely detection and prevention of complications. Doctors should apply this algorithm in practice.
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