Minimally invasive technologies in stabilizing the respiratory status of preterm infants: A literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.1.2025.459Keywords:
preterm infants, respiratory failure, minimally invasive technologies, LISA, lung ultrasound, cardiac ultrasound, inhaled nitric oxideAbstract
Relevance: The high incidence of premature infants remains a serious public health problem, as they require specialized care. Stabilizing the
condition in the first minutes of life is critical for survival and health.
This literature review focuses on the stabilization of the respiratory status of premature infants using minimally invasive technologies. It has
been established that such methods as heated and humidified high-flow nasal cannula, LISA (less invasive surfactant administration), lung
ultrasound, POCUS (Point-of-Care Ultrasound), cardiac ultrasound, electrocardiography, and nitric oxide inhalation help reduce respiratory
complications and improve long-term outcomes.
The study aimed to analyze the literature and comment on current approaches to stabilization of the respiratory status using minimally
invasive technologies in premature infants soon after birth, as well as to identify insufficiently studied aspects of their use in neonatal practice.
Materials and Methods: A review of scientific sources from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and eLibrary for 2014-2024 was conducted.
Studies evaluating the effectiveness of minimally invasive respiratory support methods were selected.
Results: The analysis confirmed that minimally invasive technologies contribute to prolonged oxygenation, decreased bronchopulmonary
dysplasia and intraventricular hemorrhage incidence, and accurate diagnosis of cardiorespiratory disorders.
Conclusion: Using minimally invasive technologies reduces the need for invasive interventions, increases survival, and improves long-term
outcomes in premature infants, which requires an individualized approach.
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