Comparative analysis of fertilization and blastocyst formation in IVF programs with fresh and cryopreserved donor oocytes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.3.2024.50-56Keywords:
assisted reproductive technology (ART), embryology, cryopreservation, vitrification, donor oocytes, thawingAbstract
Relevance: The comparison of outcomes using fresh and cryopreserved oocytes in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles remains a relevant topic in modern reproductive medicine. There is no consensus regarding the absolute superiority of using fresh gametes in oocyte donation programs.
The study aimed to compare fertilization and blastulation outcomes between fresh and cryopreserved donor oocytes in in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Ecomed Clinic in Astana from June 2024 to August 2024. IVF programs using donor oocytes from couples with normozoospermia were included in the study. After the completion of ovarian stimulation, the oocyte-cumulus complexes were retrieved 36 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin administration. If at least 12 mature oocytes at the MII stage were obtained, half of them were cryopreserved using the vitrification method. In contrast, the remaining oocytes were returned to the culture medium for further cultivation. Fertilization of fresh and thawed oocytes was performed using intracytoplasmic sperm injection, followed by cultivating embryos in the Embryoscope Plus system until the blastocyst stage.
Results: The study, which included data from 58 IVF programs with donor oocytes, revealed no significant differences in fertilization and blastulation rates for fresh and cryopreserved oocytes. This supports the hypothesis that cryopreserved donor oocytes possess comparable reproductive potential to fresh oocytes.
Our data analysis was conducted using Stata software, version 18 (StataCorp, 2023).
Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that cryopreservation of donor oocytes does not impair their ability to fertilize and form blastocysts. The results demonstrate that cryopreservation does not negatively affect embryo development to the blastocyst stage, confirming the potential use of cryopreserved oocytes in donor oocyte IVF programs.
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