Outcomes of ART programs depending on the status of folate metabolism genes in the Kazakh population
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.1.2024.17-26Keywords:
assisted reproductive technologies (ART), folate metabolism, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, IVF/ICSIAbstract
Relevance: Folate metabolism influences ovarian function, implantation processes, embryogenesis, and the overall course of pregnancy. In addition to the well-known impact on the frequency of neural tube defects, a correlation has been identified between decreased levels of folic acid, increased homocysteine concentration, and various pregnancy complications, including recurrent spontaneous abortions. Folate metabolism processes directly affect the synthesis and methylation of nucleotides, attracting increasing attention in reproductive medicine. The influence of genetic variants associated with folate metabolism on the outcomes of IVF/ICSI procedures in infertile patients is under investigation. However, definitive answers are yet to be found as data varies depending on ethnic groups. The impact of unfavorable genetic variants on the outcomes of ART programs has not been previously studied in the Kazakh population.
The study aimed to determine the influence of the carrier status of folate metabolism genes on the outcomes of ART programs in the Kazakh population.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of polymorphisms MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T), rs1801131 (A1298C), MTR rs1805087 (A2756G), MTRR rs1801394 (A66G) was conducted on 132 Kazakh female patients who underwent IVF/ICSI programs and embryo transfer at the PERSONA IVF Center (Almaty, Kazakhstan) from 2016 to 2022.
Results: Carrier status of unfavorable polymorphisms in folate metabolism genes is associated with a higher number of ART programs, duration of infertility, number of pregnancies, number of non-developing pregnancies/miscarriages, number of punctured follicles, number of obtained oocytes, number of mature oocytes, fertilization frequency, and blastocyst count.
Conclusion: Our study has shown that 91% of infertile patients are carriers of one or another unfavorable allele and genotype of polymorphisms rs1801133 and rs1801131 of the MTHFR gene, rs1805087 of the MTR gene, rs1801394 of the MTRR gene. Considering the influence of carrier status of unfavorable polymorphisms in folate metabolism genes on the outcomes of ART, it is recommended to genotype for rs1801133 and rs1801131 of the MTHFR gene, rs 1805087 of the MTR gene, rs1801394 of the MTRR gene, and prescribe personalized preconception preparation before the next ART program, taking into account the genotypes.
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