Antibody response to the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in pregnant women: The effect of COVID-19 severity on RBD antibody levels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.4.2025.556Keywords:
coronavirus infection, RBD spike protein, immune response, pregnancyAbstract
Relevance: The article studies the antibody response to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in pregnant women with COVID-19.
The study aimed to evaluate the state of RBD-specific antibodies in pregnant women with COVID-19 of varying severity in Azerbaijan.
Materials and methods: Antibody levels to RBD were measured in 45 pregnant women with confirmed infection, depending on disease severity, and in 15conditionallyhealthypregnantpatients. It wasfoundthat antibody concentration increases with the severity of COVID-19.
Results: The antibody levels in patients with the severe form of the disease were 5-6 times higher than in mild cases and significantly differed from those in the control group. The results of the study demonstrate that all patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have antibodies to the RBD spike protein that are statistically significantly higher than those in the control group of healthy pregnant women. This confirms the presence of an immune response to the virus. This data suggests that a high level of antibodies to the spike protein can serve as a marker of a more active immune response and a possible better prognosis for the patient.
Conclusions: These data indicate a relationship between the severity of the infection and the severity of the immune response. It also highlights the importance of monitoring RBD antibodies in pregnant women to assess maternal and newborn protection and the effectiveness of vaccination.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Д.Ф. Курбанова , П.Н. Микаилзаде , С.Ф. Али-заде
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