Клиническое значение сочетанной инфекции вируса папилломы человека с инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем, в развитии предраковых заболеваний шейки матки у женщин репродуктивного возраста
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.3.2025.551Ключевые слова:
вирус папилломы человека, генотип, инфекция передаваемая половым путем, дисплазия, предраковые заболевания шейки маткиАннотация
Актуальность: Вирус папилломы человека (ВПЧ) является основной причиной рака шейки матки. Дополнительным фактором риска могут быть цервикально-вагинальные инфекции, вызванные такими возбудителями, как бактериальный вагиноз, микоплазмоз и вагинальный кандидоз.
Цель исследования – оценить влияние сочетанного инфицирования вирусом папилломы человека и инфекциями, передающимися половым путем, на развитие предраковых заболеваний шейки матки у женщин репродуктивного возраста.
Методы: В исследовании у 402 женщин были взяты мазки для цитологического исследования и соскобы с шейки матки для выявления инфекций, передающихся половым путем (ИППП). Образцы анализировали методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР).
Результаты: Частота выявления ИППП составила 77,8%, при этом их распространенность была в два раза ниже в группе, положительной по ВПЧ (33,9% против 66,1% у женщин, не инфицированных ВПЧ, p = 0,4). Примечательно, что у всех женщин с легкой и тяжелой дисплазией отмечалось сочетание ВПЧ и ИППП. Типичное сочетание включало ВПЧ 16, 58 и 33 с Gardnerella vaginalis, цитомегаловирусом или Candida albicans.
Заключение: У женщин, положительных по ВПЧ и ИППП, чаще выявлялись отклонения в мазке по Папаниколау. У женщин с предраковыми заболеваниями шейки матки и вагинальной инфекцией ВПЧ выявлялся реже, за исключением случаев тяжелой интраэпителиальной неоплазии. У женщин с высокодифференцированной плоскоклеточной интраэпителиальной неоплазией ВПЧ сочетался с Gardnerella, микоплазмозом и кандидозом.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Б.Ж. Иманкулова, Н.К. Камзаева, С.Б. Махамбетова , М.С. Галым, Ж.К. Абдиева , Я. Байтас , Т.М. Укыбасова
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