Readiness of healthcare professionals to use digital technologies in antenatal education: A pilot study in primary health care facilities in Almaty

Abstract

Relevance: The development of primary health care remains a priority of state policy in the field of maternal and child health, especially in the context of implementing the national sustainable development goals in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2024–2030. The introduction of online formats into antenatal education requires not only a technological infrastructure but also a high level of digital readiness among healthcare professionals involved in pregnancy care.

The study aimed to assess the level of readiness among healthcare professionals in Almaty city polyclinics for using digital platforms in antenatal education, identify key barriers affecting their engagement, and justify a strategy for scaling digital solutions based on the identified factors.

Materials and Methods: The study involved 216 healthcare workers from maternity counseling departments of six urban polyclinics. A structured online survey was conducted based on validated approaches to assessing digital literacy (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = 0.81). Digital readiness was assessed using seven criterion-based questions, with a maximum score of 21. Barriers, learning format preferences, and attitudes toward standardization were also analyzed. Correlation analysis was performed between digital readiness and other parameters.

Results: Among the respondents, 4.8% showed high digital readiness (18-21 points), 76.2% were at a medium level (12-17 points), and 19% at a low level (7-11 points). The main barriers included the lack of time for training and consultations (35.6%), the lack of modern educational materials (28%), and poor digital infrastructure (16%). Physicians with a positive attitude toward standardizing educational modules demonstrated a higher digital readiness (r = 0.52, p < 0.01). The preferred format was a hybrid model (in-person + online).

Conclusion: Despite the currently low level of digitalization, more than 80% of physicians are likely to engage in a digital antenatal education model.

A three-tier adaptive model is recommended: in-person training for specialists with low digital readiness, a hybrid format for those with moderate digital competence, and advanced digital solutions for digital transformation leaders.

This approach will enable effective integration of healthcare professionals into the digital ecosystem and ensure quality support for pregnant women throughout their childbirth preparation journey.