Morphofunctional immaturity of the fetus: multidisciplinary approaches to diagnosis and management of full-term and premature newborns (A literature review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37800/RM.4.2025.587Keywords:
Morphofunctional immaturity, preterm newborns, full-term newborns, mother–placenta–fetus interaction, interdisciplinary approach, obstetrician-gynecologistAbstract
Relevance: This article reviews current concepts of morphofunctional immaturity of the fetus, which occurs in both preterm and full-term newborns. A comparative analysis of clinical features was conducted, and the main etiological factors, pathogenetic mechanisms, and modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment were identified. Special attention is paid to multidisciplinary strategies for managing newborns with signs of immaturity. The necessity of early detection of pathological conditions and comprehensive prevention within the mother–placenta–fetus system is emphasized.
The study aimed to identify the features of the formation and clinical course of fetal morphofunctional immaturity from the perspective of interaction within the mother–placenta–fetus system in order to substantiate interdisciplinary approaches to its diagnosis and management in term and preterm newborns.
Materials and Methods: A literature search by keywords was conducted in the e-Library, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases.
Results: Similar morphological changes (dysontogenetic structures, signs of fetoplacental insufficiency, vascular anomalies) were identified in the placentas of full-term and preterm infants with signs of immaturity. Statistically significant differences in the content of certain microelements were established.
Conclusion: The data obtained confirm the need to expand the concept of fetal morphofunctional immaturity beyond gestational age factors, as well as the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach (obstetrician-gynecologist, neonatologist, pathologist) to the diagnosis and management of such newborns. The placenta can serve as an informative marker of intrauterine distress.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Л.М. Стабаева , Н.Н. Кулмаганбетова , Ю.К. Камышанский , Ж.Т. Амирбекова , Р.Ж. Ныгызбаева , М.М. Мергазина , Н.П. Шавнина
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